Emergencies can have a significant impact on individuals’ mental and behavioral health. State and local health departments should include mental health management in each phase of a disaster (pre-event, response, recovery, and evaluation).
Assess:
Understand demographic and social characteristics. Identify the language needs, cultural considerations, and reading levels in your area.
Build relationships with public health officials, community stakeholders, private and public medical providers, and school officials.
Identify policy and resources for staff support.
Find behavioral health treatment facilities in your state.
Work with the National Association of Mental Health Program Directors.
Plan
Establish the role of partners, like community-based organizations, in mental health services during an emergency.
Identify and train mental health professionals and response staff to provide counseling, triage, outreach, and education during a crisis or emergency.
Plan for interpreter and translation services.
Train provider groups, including public health nurses, school health professionals, and community support workers in psychosocial consequences of terrorism and disasters.
Develop a risk communication plan and templates.
Develop a triage system to connect victims with emergency mental health services when needed.Establish the role of partners, like community-based organizations, in mental health services during an emergency.
Identify and train mental health professionals and response staff to provide counseling, triage, outreach, and education during a crisis or emergency.
Plan for interpreter and translation services.
Train provider groups, including public health nurses, school health professionals, and community support workers in psychosocial consequences of terrorism and disasters.
Develop a risk communication plan and templates.
Develop a triage system to connect victims with emergency mental health services when needed.
Response Phase
A man and woman stand discussing an informational brochure.
Distribute educational information appropriate to the event
First meet basic safety and security needs of target populations.
Provide Psychological First Aidexternal icon at response sites.
Use crisis and emergency risk communication principles in all messaging.
Continue to monitor the mental health needs of victims and responders.
Provide access to counselors in all appropriate languages.
Distribute educational information appropriate to the event.
Use triage system to connect victims in acute distress with professional services.
Provide coping resources for responders and their families.
Recovery Phase
Community members work together to paint a wall.
Give the community opportunities to come together
Continue to monitor mental health needs in the affected population.
Train social and community leaders on how to help their groups cope.
Give the community opportunities to come together.
Promote availability of coping resources.
Anticipate and plan to deal with trauma reminders (such as anniversaries of the event date, or the broadcast of similar incidents on the news).
Evaluation Phase
Monitor for long-term mental stress in the community and for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
Identify and address gaps in your mental health preparedness plan.
Additional Resources
Resources for Leaders to Help Communities Cope
Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) program
Skills for Psychological Recoveryexternal icon– an intervention designed to follow Psychological First Aidexternal icon in the weeks and months following disasters and mass violence events. (SAMHSA).
Resources for School Personnelexternal icon (National Child Traumatic Stress Network- NCTSN)
*With information from the Center from Disease Control and Precenrin (CDC).
